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CS1501
5.8 Brownout Protection
5.9
Overvoltage Protection
V OVP = R IFB ? I OVP + V DD
The CS1501 brownout detection circuit monitors the peak of
the V rect input voltage and disables the PWM switching when
it drops below a predetermined threshold. Hysteresis and
minimum detection time are provided to avoid brownout
detection during short input transients. When brownout is
detected, the CS1501 enters standby mode. On recovery from
brownout, it re-enters normal operating mode.
Current I AC is proportional to the AC input voltage V rect , where
page 11). The digitized current applied to the IAC pin is
monitored by the brownout protection algorithm. When V rect
drops below the brownout-detection threshold, the CS1501
triggers a timer. The IC asserts the brownout protection and
stops the gate-drive switching only if the timer exceeds 56ms.
This is the equivalent of 7 rectified line cycles at 60Hz.
During the brownout state, the device continues monitoring
the input line voltage. The device exits the brownout state
when I AC exceeds the brownout upper threshold for at least
56ms. Typical values for the lower (I BP(lower) ) and upper
(I BP(upper) ) brownout thresholds are 31.6 ? A and 39.6 ? A,
respectively.
The overpower protection may activate prior to brownout
protection, depending on the load.
The overvoltage protection (OVP) will trigger immediately and
stop the gate drive when the current into the IFB pin (I OVP )
exceeds 105% of the reference current (I ref ) value. The IC
resumes gate drive switching when the measured current at IFB
drops below I OVP – I OVP(Hy) . Equation 8 is used to calculate the
OVP threshold.
[Eq.8]
5.10 Overcurrent Protection
To limit boost inductor current through the FET and to prevent
boost inductor saturation conditions, the CS1501 incorporates
a cycle-by-cycle peak inductor current limit circuit using an
external shunt resistor to ‘sense’ the FET source current
accurately. The overcurrent protection (OCP) circuit is
designed to monitor the current when the active switch is
turned on. The OCP circuit is enabled after the leading-edge
blanking time (t LEB ). The shunt voltage is compared to a
reference voltage, V cs(th) , to determine whether an
overcurrent condition exists. The OCP circuit triggers
immediately, allowing the OCP algorithm to turn off the gate
driver.
The overcurrent protection circuit is also designed to monitor
T Brownout
56 ms
for a catastrophic overcurrent occurrence by sensing sudden
Brownout
56 ms
and abnormal operating currents. A second OCP threshold,
Thresholds
Upper
Lower
Start
Timer
V cs(clamp) , determines whether a severe overcurrent condition
exists. This immediately turns off the gate drive, and the
system enters a restart mode. The CS1501 inhibits all
switching operations for approximately 1.6ms then attempts to
restart normal operation.
Enter Standby
Start Timer
Figure 20. Brownout Sequence
Exit Standby
5.11 Overpower Protection
The CS1501 incorporates an internal overpower protection
(OPP) algorithm that provides protection from overload
T Brownout = 8 ms + ------------ ? 128 V – V BP ? th ? ? + 56 ms [Eq.7]
= 8 + --- ? 128 – 94.8 ? + 56 = 117ms
The maximum response time of the brownout protection
feature occurs at light-load conditions. It is calculated by
Equation 7.
8 ms
5V
8
5
where:
conditions. This algorithm uses the condition that output
power is a function of the boost inductor (see section 5.4
Under moderate overload, V link may droop up to 10% while
maintaining rated power and PFC. Further increasing the load
current causes V link to drop below the startup threshold
(~360V). Below this threshold, the circuit switches the
operating mode to startup with more power available to raise
V link . As V link reaches its nominal value, startup mode is
canceled and power is now limited to the rated value. If the
V BP(th)
12
Brownout threshold voltage, V BP(th) = I BP(lower) xR IAC
overload is still present, this cycle will repeat.
If a sustained overload, or a repeated cycle of overload events
is detected for greater than 112 ms, the CS1501 shuts down
for 2.5 seconds, then attempts to restart.
DS927F4
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